1.12小节完成
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25
cookbook/c01/p12_mostfreq_items.py
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25
cookbook/c01/p12_mostfreq_items.py
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#!/usr/bin/env python
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# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
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"""
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Topic: 查找出现次数最多的元素
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Desc :
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"""
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def most_freqency():
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words = [
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'look', 'into', 'my', 'eyes', 'look', 'into', 'my', 'eyes',
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'the', 'eyes', 'the', 'eyes', 'the', 'eyes', 'not', 'around', 'the',
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'eyes', "don't", 'look', 'around', 'the', 'eyes', 'look', 'into',
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'my', 'eyes', "you're", 'under'
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]
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from collections import Counter
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word_counts = Counter(words)
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# 出现频率最高的3个单词
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top_three = word_counts.most_common(3)
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print(top_three)
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# Outputs [('eyes', 8), ('the', 5), ('look', 4)]
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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most_freqency()
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@@ -5,18 +5,93 @@
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----------
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问题
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----------
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todo...
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怎样找出一个序列中出现次数最多的元素呢?
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----------
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解决方案
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----------
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todo...
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collections.Counter类就是专门为这类问题而设计的,
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它甚至有一个有用的monst_common()方法直接给了你答案。
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为了演示,先假设你有一个单词列表并且想找出哪个单词出现频率最高。你可以这样做:
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.. code-block:: python
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words = [
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'look', 'into', 'my', 'eyes', 'look', 'into', 'my', 'eyes',
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'the', 'eyes', 'the', 'eyes', 'the', 'eyes', 'not', 'around', 'the',
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'eyes', "don't", 'look', 'around', 'the', 'eyes', 'look', 'into',
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'my', 'eyes', "you're", 'under'
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]
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from collections import Counter
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word_counts = Counter(words)
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# 出现频率最高的3个单词
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top_three = word_counts.most_common(3)
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print(top_three)
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# Outputs [('eyes', 8), ('the', 5), ('look', 4)]
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----------
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讨论
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----------
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todo...
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作为输入,Counter对象可以接受任意的hashable序列对象。
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在底层实现上,一个Counter对象就是一个字典,将元素映射到它出现的次数上。比如:
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.. code-block:: python
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>>> word_counts['not']
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1
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>>> word_counts['eyes']
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8
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>>>
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如果你想手动增加计数,可以简单的用加法:
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.. code-block:: python
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>>> morewords = ['why','are','you','not','looking','in','my','eyes']
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>>> for word in morewords:
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... word_counts[word] += 1
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...
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>>> word_counts['eyes']
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9
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>>>
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或者你可以使用update()方法:
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.. code-block:: python
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>>> word_counts.update(morewords)
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>>>
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Counter实例一个鲜为人知的特性是它们可以很容易的跟数学运算操作相结合。比如:
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.. code-block:: python
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>>> a = Counter(words)
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>>> b = Counter(morewords)
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>>> a
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Counter({'eyes': 8, 'the': 5, 'look': 4, 'into': 3, 'my': 3, 'around': 2,
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"you're": 1, "don't": 1, 'under': 1, 'not': 1})
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>>> b
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Counter({'eyes': 1, 'looking': 1, 'are': 1, 'in': 1, 'not': 1, 'you': 1,
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'my': 1, 'why': 1})
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>>> # Combine counts
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>>> c = a + b
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>>> c
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Counter({'eyes': 9, 'the': 5, 'look': 4, 'my': 4, 'into': 3, 'not': 2,
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'around': 2, "you're": 1, "don't": 1, 'in': 1, 'why': 1,
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'looking': 1, 'are': 1, 'under': 1, 'you': 1})
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>>> # Subtract counts
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>>> d = a - b
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>>> d
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Counter({'eyes': 7, 'the': 5, 'look': 4, 'into': 3, 'my': 2, 'around': 2,
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"you're": 1, "don't": 1, 'under': 1})
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>>>
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毫无疑问,Counter对象在几乎所有需要制表或者计数数据的场合是非常有用的工具。
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在解决这类问题的时候你应该优先选择它,而不是手动的利用字典去实现。
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