Tighten up link attributes for llvm-wrapper bindings
Fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/118084 by moving all of the declarations of symbols from `llvm_rust` into a separate extern block with `#[link(name = "llvm-wrapper", kind = "static")]`.
This also renames `LLVMTimeTraceProfiler*` to `LLVMRustTimeTraceProfiler*` because those are functions from `llvm_rust`.
r? tmiasko