Warn on `#![doc(test(...))]` on items other than the crate root and use future incompatible lint
Part of #82672.
This PR does multiple things:
* Create a new `INVALID_DOC_ATTRIBUTE` lint which is also "future incompatible", allowing us to use it as a warning for the moment until it turns (eventually) into a hard error.
* Use this link when `#![doc(test(...))]` isn't used at the crate level.
* Make #82702 use this new lint as well.
r? ``@jyn514``
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