The existing comments were misleading, confusing, and wrong.
Take this comment for example:
```
// Any frames between `__rust_begin_short_backtrace` and `__rust_end_short_backtrace`
// are omitted from the backtrace in short mode, `__rust_end_short_backtrace` will be
// called before the panic hook, so we won't ignore any frames if there is no
// invoke of `__rust_begin_short_backtrace`.
```
this is just wrong. here is an example (full) backtrace:
```
Finished `dev` profile [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.01s
Running `/home/jyn/.local/lib/cargo/target/debug/example`
called `Option::unwrap()` on a `None` value
stack backtrace:
0: 0x56499698c595 - std::backtrace_rs::backtrace::libunwind::trace::h5ef2cc16e9a7415a
1: 0x56499698c595 - std::backtrace_rs::backtrace::trace_unsynchronized::h9b5e016e9075f714
2: 0x56499698c595 - std::sys_common::backtrace::_print_fmt::h2f62c7f9ff224e93
3: 0x56499698c595 - <std::sys_common::backtrace::_print::DisplayBacktrace as core::fmt::Display>::fmt::hbe51682735731910
4: 0x5649969aa26b - core::fmt::rt::Argument::fmt::h1994ab2b310d665e
5: 0x5649969aa26b - core::fmt::write::hade58a36d63468d7
6: 0x56499698a43f - std::io::Write::write_fmt::h16145587d801a9ab
7: 0x56499698c36e - std::sys_common::backtrace::_print::ha8082e56201dadb4
8: 0x56499698c36e - std::sys_common::backtrace::print::he30f96b4e7f6cbfd
9: 0x56499698d709 - std::panicking::default_hook::{{closure}}::hf0801f6b18a968d3
10: 0x56499698d4ac - std::panicking::default_hook::hd2defec7eda5aeb0
11: 0x56499698dc31 - std::panicking::rust_panic_with_hook::hde93283600065c53
12: 0x56499698daf3 - std::panicking::begin_panic_handler::{{closure}}::h5e151adbdb7ec0c1
13: 0x56499698ca59 - std::sys_common::backtrace::__rust_end_short_backtrace::he36a1407e0f77700
14: 0x56499698d7d4 - rust_begin_unwind
15: 0x5649969a9503 - core::panicking::panic_fmt::h2380d41365f95412
16: 0x5649969a958c - core::panicking::panic::h38cf8db80e8c6e67
17: 0x5649969a93e9 - core::option::unwrap_failed::he72696e53ff29a05
18: 0x5649969722b6 - core::option::Option<T>::unwrap::hb574dc0dc1703062
19: 0x5649969722b6 - example::main::h7a867aafacd93d75
20: 0x5649969721db - core::ops::function::FnOnce::call_once::h734f99a5e57291b7
21: 0x56499697226e - std::sys_common::backtrace::__rust_begin_short_backtrace::h02f5d58c351c4756
22: 0x564996972241 - std::rt::lang_start::{{closure}}::h8b134fe2c31a4355
23: 0x564996988662 - core::ops::function::impls::<impl core::ops::function::FnOnce<A> for &F>::call_once::h88d7bb571ee2aaf4
24: 0x564996988662 - std::panicking::try::do_call::hfb78dfb6599c871d
25: 0x564996988662 - std::panicking::try::habd041c8c4c8e50c
27: 0x564996988662 - std::rt::lang_start_internal::{{closure}}::h227591a6f9c0879e
28: 0x564996988662 - std::panicking::try::do_call::h3c5878333c38916a
29: 0x564996988662 - std::panicking::try::h5af7b3a127cdae70
31: 0x564996988662 - std::rt::lang_start_internal::hbc85e809eeace0dd
32: 0x56499697221a - std::rt::lang_start::ha1eb16922c9cb224
33: 0x5649969722ee - main
34: 0x7f031962a1ca - __libc_start_call_main
35: 0x7f031962a28b - __libc_start_main_impl
36: 0x5649969720a5 - _start
37: 0x0 - <unknown>
```
note particularly frames 13-21, from start_backtrace to end_backtrace. with PrintFmt::Short, these are the *only* frames that are printed; i.e. we are doing the exact opposite of the comment.
previously, we only held a lock for printing the backtrace itself. since all threads were printing to the same file descriptor, that meant random output in the default panic hook would be interleaved with the backtrace. now, we hold the lock for the full duration of the hook, and the output is ordered.
