Add `implement_via_object` to `rustc_deny_explicit_impl` to control object candidate assembly
Some built-in traits are special, since they are used to prove facts about the program that are important for later phases of compilation such as codegen and CTFE. For example, the `Unsize` trait is used to assert to the compiler that we are able to unsize a type into another type. It doesn't have any methods because it doesn't actually *instruct* the compiler how to do this unsizing, but this is later used (alongside an exhaustive match of combinations of unsizeable types) during codegen to generate unsize coercion code.
Due to this, these built-in traits are incompatible with the type erasure provided by object types. For example, the existence of `dyn Unsize<T>` does not mean that the compiler is able to unsize `Box<dyn Unsize<T>>` into `Box<T>`, since `Unsize` is a *witness* to the fact that a type can be unsized, and it doesn't actually encode that unsizing operation in its vtable as mentioned above.
The old trait solver gets around this fact by having complex control flow that never considers object bounds for certain built-in traits:
2f896da247/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/candidate_assembly.rs (L61-L132)
However, candidate assembly in the new solver is much more lovely, and I'd hate to add this list of opt-out cases into the new solver. Instead of maintaining this complex and hard-coded control flow, instead we can make this a property of the trait via a built-in attribute. We already have such a build attribute that's applied to every single trait that we care about: `rustc_deny_explicit_impl`. This PR adds `implement_via_object` as a meta-item to that attribute that allows us to opt a trait out of object-bound candidate assembly as well.
r? `@lcnr`
Improve docs/clean up negative overlap functions
Clean up some functions in ways that should not affect behavior, change some names to be clearer (`negative_impl` and `implicit_negative` are not really clear imo), and add some documentation examples.
r? `@spastorino`
Safe Transmute: Enable handling references
This patch enables support for references in Safe Transmute, by generating nested obligations during trait selection. Specifically, when we call `confirm_transmutability_candidate(...)`, we now recursively traverse the `rustc_transmute::Answer` tree and create obligations for all the `Answer` variants, some of which include multiple nested `Answer`s.
- Create `Answer` type that is not just a type alias of `Result`
- Remove a usage of `map_layouts` to make the code easier to read
- Don't hide errors related to Unknown Layout when computing transmutability
- Change `Condition` to not contain `Answer`s but instead just contain other
`Condition`s directly.
- Also improve error reporting for `DstHasStricterAlignment`
- Only create dst -> src obligation if Dst is mutable
- Add some long comments to explain parts of the transmutability code that were
unclear to me when reading
- Update/add tests
- Make sure that the most specific Reason is the one that bubbles up when we
are folding over the `Answer` tree. `Reason::DstIsBitIncompatible` is the
least specific, so that should be used only when there isn't anything else
available.
- Small fixes where we used the wrong Reason variant.
- Tiny cleanups
This patch updates the `Answer` type from `rustc_transmute` so that it just a
type alias to `Result`. This makes it so that the standard methods for `Result`
can be used to process the `Answer` tree, including being able to make use of
the `?` operator on `Answer`s.
Also, remove some unused functions
This patch enables support for references in Safe Transmute, by generating
nested obligations during trait selection. Specifically, when we call
`confirm_transmutability_candidate(...)`, we now recursively traverse the
`rustc_transmute::Answer` tree and create obligations for all the `Answer`
variants, some of which include multiple nested `Answer`s.
Also, to handle recursive types, enable support for coinduction for the Safe
Transmute trait (`BikeshedIntrinsicFrom`) by adding the `#[rustc_coinduction]`
annotation.
Also fix some small logic issues when reducing the `or` and `and` combinations
in `rustc_transmute`, so that we don't end up with additional redundant
`Answer`s in the tree.
Co-authored-by: Jack Wrenn <jack@wrenn.fyi>
do not allow inference in `predicate_must_hold` (alternative approach)
See the FCP description for more info, but tl;dr is that we should not return `EvaluatedToOkModuloRegions` if an obligation may hold only with some choice of inference vars being constrained.
Attempts to solve this in the approach laid out by lcnr here: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/109558#discussion_r1147318134, rather than by eagerly replacing infer vars with placeholders which is a bit too restrictive.
r? `@ghost`
This trait ref is derived from the self type and then equated to the
trait ref from the obligation.
For example, for `fn(): Fn(u32)`, `self_ty_trait_ref` is `Fn()`, which
is then equated to `Fn(u32)` (which will fail, causing the obligation to
fail).
`SelectionError` used to be 80 bytes (on 64 bit). That's quite big.
Especially because the selection cache contained `Result<_,
SelectionError>. The Ok type is only 32 bytes, so the 80 bytes
significantly inflate the size of the cache.
Most variants of the `SelectionError` seem to be hard errors, only
`Unimplemented` shows up in practice (for cranelift-codegen, it occupies
23.4% of all cache entries). We can just box away the biggest variant,
`OutputTypeParameterMismatch`, to get the size down to 16 bytes, well
within the size of the Ok type inside the cache.
Implement negative bounds for internal testing purposes
Implements partial support the `!` negative polarity on trait bounds. This is incomplete, but should allow us to at least be able to play with the feature.
Not even gonna consider them as a public-facing feature, but I'm implementing them because would've been nice to have in UI tests, for example in #110671.
Currently a `{D,Subd}iagnosticMessage` can be created from any type that
impls `Into<String>`. That includes `&str`, `String`, and `Cow<'static,
str>`, which are reasonable. It also includes `&String`, which is pretty
weird, and results in many places making unnecessary allocations for
patterns like this:
```
self.fatal(&format!(...))
```
This creates a string with `format!`, takes a reference, passes the
reference to `fatal`, which does an `into()`, which clones the
reference, doing a second allocation. Two allocations for a single
string, bleh.
This commit changes the `From` impls so that you can only create a
`{D,Subd}iagnosticMessage` from `&str`, `String`, or `Cow<'static,
str>`. This requires changing all the places that currently create one
from a `&String`. Most of these are of the `&format!(...)` form
described above; each one removes an unnecessary static `&`, plus an
allocation when executed. There are also a few places where the existing
use of `&String` was more reasonable; these now just use `clone()` at
the call site.
As well as making the code nicer and more efficient, this is a step
towards possibly using `Cow<'static, str>` in
`{D,Subd}iagnosticMessage::{Str,Eager}`. That would require changing
the `From<&'a str>` impls to `From<&'static str>`, which is doable, but
I'm not yet sure if it's worthwhile.
