`compiler_builtins` is currently injected as `extern crate
compiler_builtins as _`. This has made gating via diagnostics difficult
because it appears in the crate graph as a non-private dependency, and
there isn't an easy way to differentiate between the injected AST and
user-specified `extern crate compiler_builtins`.
Resolve this by injecting `compiler_builtins` during postprocessing
rather than early in the AST. Most of the time this isn't even needed
because it shows up in `std` or `core`'s crate graph, but injection is
still needed to ensure `#![no_core]` works correctly.
A similar change was attempted at [1] but this encountered errors
building `proc_macro` and `rustc-std-workspace-std`. Similar failures
showed up while working on this patch, which were traced back to
`compiler_builtins` showing up in the graph twice (once via dependency
and once via injection). This is resolved by not injecting if a
`#![compiler_builtins]` crate already exists.
[1]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/113634
