iterator: add DoubleEndedIterator concept

This implements the trait for vector iterators, replacing the reverse
iterator types. The methods will stay, for implementing the future
reverse Iterable traits and convenience.

This can also be trivially implemented for circular buffers and other
variants of arrays like strings and `SmallIntMap`/`SmallIntSet`.

The `DoubleEndedIterator` trait will allow for implementing algorithms
like in-place reverse on generic mutable iterators.

The naming (`Range` vs. `Iterator`, `Bidirectional` vs. `DoubleEnded`)
can be bikeshedded in the future.

src/libstd/vec.rs

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ use container::{Container, Mutable};
 use cmp;
 use cmp::{Eq, TotalEq, TotalOrd, Ordering, Less, Equal, Greater};
 use clone::Clone;
-use iterator::{FromIterator, Iterator, IteratorUtil};
+use iterator::*;
 use kinds::Copy;
 use libc::c_void;
 use num::Zero;
@@ -760,12 +760,7 @@ impl<'self,T> ImmutableVector<'self, T> for &'self [T] {
     }
     #[inline]
     fn rev_iter(self) -> VecRevIterator<'self, T> {
-        unsafe {
-            let p = vec::raw::to_ptr(self);
-            VecRevIterator{ptr: p.offset(self.len() - 1),
-                           end: p.offset(-1),
-                           lifetime: cast::transmute(p)}
-        }
+        self.iter().invert()
     }
 
     /// Returns an iterator over the subslices of the vector which are
@@ -1717,13 +1712,9 @@ impl<'self,T> MutableVector<'self, T> for &'self mut [T] {
         }
     }
 
+    #[inline]
     fn mut_rev_iter(self) -> VecMutRevIterator<'self, T> {
-        unsafe {
-            let p = vec::raw::to_mut_ptr(self);
-            VecMutRevIterator{ptr: p.offset(self.len() - 1),
-                              end: p.offset(-1),
-                              lifetime: cast::transmute(p)}
-        }
+        self.mut_iter().invert()
     }
 
     /**
@@ -2083,17 +2074,17 @@ macro_rules! iterator {
             priv lifetime: $elem // FIXME: #5922
         }
     };*/
-    (impl $name:ident -> $elem:ty, $step:expr) => {
-        // could be implemented with &[T] with .slice(), but this avoids bounds checks
+    (impl $name:ident -> $elem:ty) => {
         impl<'self, T> Iterator<$elem> for $name<'self, T> {
             #[inline]
             fn next(&mut self) -> Option<$elem> {
+                // could be implemented with slices, but this avoids bounds checks
                 unsafe {
                     if self.ptr == self.end {
                         None
                     } else {
                         let old = self.ptr;
-                        self.ptr = self.ptr.offset($step);
+                        self.ptr = self.ptr.offset(1);
                         Some(cast::transmute(old))
                     }
                 }
@@ -2101,11 +2092,7 @@ macro_rules! iterator {
 
             #[inline]
             fn size_hint(&self) -> (uint, Option<uint>) {
-                let diff = if $step > 0 {
-                    (self.end as uint) - (self.ptr as uint)
-                } else {
-                    (self.ptr as uint) - (self.end as uint)
-                };
+                let diff = (self.end as uint) - (self.ptr as uint);
                 let exact = diff / size_of::<$elem>();
                 (exact, Some(exact))
             }
@@ -2113,6 +2100,25 @@ macro_rules! iterator {
     }
 }
 
+macro_rules! double_ended_iterator {
+    (impl $name:ident -> $elem:ty) => {
+        impl<'self, T> DoubleEndedIterator<$elem> for $name<'self, T> {
+            #[inline]
+            fn next_back(&mut self) -> Option<$elem> {
+                // could be implemented with slices, but this avoids bounds checks
+                unsafe {
+                    if self.end == self.ptr {
+                        None
+                    } else {
+                        self.end = self.end.offset(-1);
+                        Some(cast::transmute(self.end))
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 //iterator!{struct VecIterator -> *T, &'self T}
 /// An iterator for iterating over a vector.
 pub struct VecIterator<'self, T> {
@@ -2120,16 +2126,9 @@ pub struct VecIterator<'self, T> {
     priv end: *T,
     priv lifetime: &'self T // FIXME: #5922
 }
-iterator!{impl VecIterator -> &'self T, 1}
-
-//iterator!{struct VecRevIterator -> *T, &'self T}
-/// An iterator for iterating over a vector in reverse.
-pub struct VecRevIterator<'self, T> {
-    priv ptr: *T,
-    priv end: *T,
-    priv lifetime: &'self T // FIXME: #5922
-}
-iterator!{impl VecRevIterator -> &'self T, -1}
+iterator!{impl VecIterator -> &'self T}
+double_ended_iterator!{impl VecIterator -> &'self T}
+pub type VecRevIterator<'self, T> = InvertIterator<&'self T, VecIterator<'self, T>>;
 
 //iterator!{struct VecMutIterator -> *mut T, &'self mut T}
 /// An iterator for mutating the elements of a vector.
@@ -2138,16 +2137,9 @@ pub struct VecMutIterator<'self, T> {
     priv end: *mut T,
     priv lifetime: &'self mut T // FIXME: #5922
 }
-iterator!{impl VecMutIterator -> &'self mut T, 1}
-
-//iterator!{struct VecMutRevIterator -> *mut T, &'self mut T}
-/// An iterator for mutating the elements of a vector in reverse.
-pub struct VecMutRevIterator<'self, T> {
-    priv ptr: *mut T,
-    priv end: *mut T,
-    priv lifetime: &'self mut T // FIXME: #5922
-}
-iterator!{impl VecMutRevIterator -> &'self mut T, -1}
+iterator!{impl VecMutIterator -> &'self mut T}
+double_ended_iterator!{impl VecMutIterator -> &'self mut T}
+pub type VecMutRevIterator<'self, T> = InvertIterator<&'self mut T, VecMutIterator<'self, T>>;
 
 /// An iterator that moves out of a vector.
 pub struct VecConsumeIterator<T> {