Merge #1515

1515: Trait environment r=matklad a=flodiebold

This adds the environment, i.e. the set of `where` clauses in scope, when solving trait goals. That means that e.g. in
```rust
fn foo<T: SomeTrait>(t: T) {}
```
, we are able to complete methods of `SomeTrait` on the `t`. This affects the trait APIs quite a bit (since every method that needs to be able to solve for some trait needs to get this environment somehow), so I thought I'd do it rather sooner than later ;)

Co-authored-by: Florian Diebold <flodiebold@gmail.com>

crates/ra_hir/src/ty/tests.rs

@@ -3003,6 +3003,85 @@ fn test(o: O<S>) {
     assert_eq!(t, "&str");
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn generic_param_env_1() {
+    let t = type_at(
+        r#"
+//- /main.rs
+trait Clone {}
+trait Trait { fn foo(self) -> u128; }
+struct S;
+impl Clone for S {}
+impl<T> Trait for T where T: Clone {}
+fn test<T: Clone>(t: T) { t.foo()<|>; }
+"#,
+    );
+    assert_eq!(t, "u128");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn generic_param_env_1_not_met() {
+    let t = type_at(
+        r#"
+//- /main.rs
+trait Clone {}
+trait Trait { fn foo(self) -> u128; }
+struct S;
+impl Clone for S {}
+impl<T> Trait for T where T: Clone {}
+fn test<T>(t: T) { t.foo()<|>; }
+"#,
+    );
+    assert_eq!(t, "{unknown}");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn generic_param_env_2() {
+    let t = type_at(
+        r#"
+//- /main.rs
+trait Trait { fn foo(self) -> u128; }
+struct S;
+impl Trait for S {}
+fn test<T: Trait>(t: T) { t.foo()<|>; }
+"#,
+    );
+    assert_eq!(t, "u128");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn generic_param_env_2_not_met() {
+    let t = type_at(
+        r#"
+//- /main.rs
+trait Trait { fn foo(self) -> u128; }
+struct S;
+impl Trait for S {}
+fn test<T>(t: T) { t.foo()<|>; }
+"#,
+    );
+    assert_eq!(t, "{unknown}");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn generic_param_env_deref() {
+    let t = type_at(
+        r#"
+//- /main.rs
+#[lang = "deref"]
+trait Deref {
+    type Target;
+}
+trait Trait {}
+impl<T> Deref for T where T: Trait {
+    type Target = i128;
+}
+fn test<T: Trait>(t: T) { (*t)<|>; }
+"#,
+    );
+    assert_eq!(t, "i128");
+}
+
 fn type_at_pos(db: &MockDatabase, pos: FilePosition) -> String {
     let file = db.parse(pos.file_id).ok().unwrap();
     let expr = algo::find_node_at_offset::<ast::Expr>(file.syntax(), pos.offset).unwrap();