std: deduplicate errno accesses

By marking `__errno_location` as `#[ffi_const]` and `std::sys::os::errno` as `#[inline]`, this PR allows merging multiple calls to `io::Error::last_os_error()` into one.

library/std/src/lib.rs

@@ -297,6 +297,7 @@
 #![feature(extended_varargs_abi_support)]
 #![feature(f128)]
 #![feature(f16)]
+#![feature(ffi_const)]
 #![feature(formatting_options)]
 #![feature(if_let_guard)]
 #![feature(intra_doc_pointers)]