Add runtime check to avoid overwrite arg easily in diag and store and restore snapshot when set subdiag arg

Signed-off-by: xizheyin <xizheyin@smail.nju.edu.cn>

compiler/rustc_errors/src/diagnostic.rs

@@ -289,6 +289,9 @@ pub struct DiagInner {
     pub suggestions: Suggestions,
     pub args: DiagArgMap,
 
+    // This is used to store args and restore them after a subdiagnostic is rendered.
+    pub reserved_args: DiagArgMap,
+
     /// This is not used for highlighting or rendering any error message. Rather, it can be used
     /// as a sort key to sort a buffer of diagnostics. By default, it is the primary span of
     /// `span` if there is one. Otherwise, it is `DUMMY_SP`.
@@ -319,6 +322,7 @@ impl DiagInner {
             children: vec![],
             suggestions: Suggestions::Enabled(vec![]),
             args: Default::default(),
+            reserved_args: Default::default(),
             sort_span: DUMMY_SP,
             is_lint: None,
             long_ty_path: None,
@@ -390,7 +394,27 @@ impl DiagInner {
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn arg(&mut self, name: impl Into<DiagArgName>, arg: impl IntoDiagArg) {
-        self.args.insert(name.into(), arg.into_diag_arg(&mut self.long_ty_path));
+        let name = name.into();
+        let value = arg.into_diag_arg(&mut self.long_ty_path);
+        // This assertion is to avoid subdiagnostics overwriting an existing diagnostic arg.
+        debug_assert!(
+            !self.args.contains_key(&name) || self.args.get(&name) == Some(&value),
+            "arg {} already exists",
+            name
+        );
+        self.args.insert(name, value);
+    }
+
+    pub fn remove_arg(&mut self, name: &str) {
+        self.args.swap_remove(name);
+    }
+
+    pub fn store_args(&mut self) {
+        self.reserved_args = self.args.clone();
+    }
+
+    pub fn restore_args(&mut self) {
+        self.args = std::mem::take(&mut self.reserved_args);
     }
 
     /// Fields used for Hash, and PartialEq trait.
@@ -1423,6 +1447,12 @@ impl<'a, G: EmissionGuarantee> Diag<'a, G> {
         self.downgrade_to_delayed_bug();
         self.emit()
     }
+
+    pub fn remove_arg(&mut self, name: &str) {
+        if let Some(diag) = self.diag.as_mut() {
+            diag.remove_arg(name);
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 /// Destructor bomb: every `Diag` must be consumed (emitted, cancelled, etc.)