Auto merge of #34942 - porglezomp:master, r=sfackler

Fix overflow checking in unsigned pow()

The pow() method for unsigned integers produced 0 instead of trapping overflow for certain inputs. Calls such as 2u32.pow(1024) produced 0 when they should trap an overflow. This also adds tests for the correctly handling overflow in unsigned pow().

This was previously fixed for signed integers in #28248, but it seems unsigned integers got missed that time.

For issue number #34913

src/libcore/num/mod.rs

@@ -2211,25 +2211,21 @@ macro_rules! uint_impl {
             let mut base = self;
             let mut acc = 1;
 
-            let mut prev_base = self;
-            let mut base_oflo = false;
-            while exp > 0 {
+            while exp > 1 {
                 if (exp & 1) == 1 {
-                    if base_oflo {
-                        // ensure overflow occurs in the same manner it
-                        // would have otherwise (i.e. signal any exception
-                        // it would have otherwise).
-                        acc = acc * (prev_base * prev_base);
-                    } else {
-                        acc = acc * base;
-                    }
+                    acc = acc * base;
                 }
-                prev_base = base;
-                let (new_base, new_base_oflo) = base.overflowing_mul(base);
-                base = new_base;
-                base_oflo = new_base_oflo;
                 exp /= 2;
+                base = base * base;
             }
+
+            // Deal with the final bit of the exponent separately, since
+            // squaring the base afterwards is not necessary and may cause a
+            // needless overflow.
+            if exp == 1 {
+                acc = acc * base;
+            }
+
             acc
         }