Use Cow in {D,Subd}iagnosticMessage.

Each of `{D,Subd}iagnosticMessage::{Str,Eager}` has a comment:
```
// FIXME(davidtwco): can a `Cow<'static, str>` be used here?
```
This commit answers that question in the affirmative. It's not the most
compelling change ever, but it might be worth merging.

This requires changing the `impl<'a> From<&'a str>` impls to `impl
From<&'static str>`, which involves a bunch of knock-on changes that
require/result in call sites being a little more precise about exactly
what kind of string they use to create errors, and not just `&str`. This
will result in fewer unnecessary allocations, though this will not have
any notable perf effects given that these are error paths.

Note that I was lazy within Clippy, using `to_string` in a few places to
preserve the existing string imprecision. I could have used `impl
Into<{D,Subd}iagnosticMessage>` in various places as is done in the
compiler, but that would have required changes to *many* call sites
(mostly changing `&format("...")` to `format!("...")`) which didn't seem
worthwhile.

compiler/rustc_errors/src/emitter.rs

@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ pub trait Emitter: Translate {
 
                 children.push(SubDiagnostic {
                     level: Level::Note,
-                    message: vec![(DiagnosticMessage::Str(msg), Style::NoStyle)],
+                    message: vec![(DiagnosticMessage::from(msg), Style::NoStyle)],
                     span: MultiSpan::new(),
                     render_span: None,
                 });