Keep track of patterns that could have introduced a binding, but didn't

When we recover from a pattern parse error, or a pattern uses `..`, we keep track of that and affect resolution error for missing bindings that could have been provided by that pattern. We differentiate between `..` and parse recovery. We silence resolution errors likely caused by the pattern parse error.

```
error[E0425]: cannot find value `title` in this scope
  --> $DIR/struct-pattern-with-missing-fields-resolve-error.rs:19:30
   |
LL |         println!("[{}]({})", title, url);
   |                              ^^^^^ not found in this scope
   |
note: `Website` has a field `title` which could have been included in this pattern, but it wasn't
  --> $DIR/struct-pattern-with-missing-fields-resolve-error.rs:17:12
   |
LL | / struct Website {
LL | |     url: String,
LL | |     title: Option<String> ,
   | |     ----- defined here
LL | | }
   | |_-
...
LL |       if let Website { url, .. } = website {
   |              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ this pattern doesn't include `title`, which is available in `Website`
```

Fix #74863.

compiler/rustc_resolve/src/late/diagnostics.rs

@@ -430,6 +430,7 @@ impl<'ast, 'ra: 'ast, 'tcx> LateResolutionVisitor<'_, 'ast, 'ra, 'tcx> {
         let mut err = self.r.dcx().struct_span_err(base_error.span, base_error.msg.clone());
         err.code(code);
 
+        self.detect_missing_binding_available_from_pattern(&mut err, path, following_seg);
         self.suggest_at_operator_in_slice_pat_with_range(&mut err, path);
         self.suggest_swapping_misplaced_self_ty_and_trait(&mut err, source, res, base_error.span);
 
@@ -1120,6 +1121,65 @@ impl<'ast, 'ra: 'ast, 'tcx> LateResolutionVisitor<'_, 'ast, 'ra, 'tcx> {
         true
     }
 
+    fn detect_missing_binding_available_from_pattern(
+        &mut self,
+        err: &mut Diag<'_>,
+        path: &[Segment],
+        following_seg: Option<&Segment>,
+    ) {
+        let [segment] = path else { return };
+        let None = following_seg else { return };
+        'outer: for rib in self.ribs[ValueNS].iter().rev() {
+            for (def_id, spans) in &rib.patterns_with_skipped_bindings {
+                if let Some(fields) = self.r.field_idents(*def_id) {
+                    for field in fields {
+                        if field.name == segment.ident.name {
+                            if spans.iter().all(|(_, was_recovered)| *was_recovered) {
+                                // This resolution error will likely be fixed by fixing a
+                                // syntax error in a pattern, so it is irrelevant to the user.
+                                let multispan: MultiSpan =
+                                    spans.iter().map(|(s, _)| *s).collect::<Vec<_>>().into();
+                                err.span_note(
+                                    multispan,
+                                    "this pattern had a recovered parse error which likely \
+                                        lost the expected fields",
+                                );
+                                err.downgrade_to_delayed_bug();
+                            }
+                            let mut multispan: MultiSpan = spans
+                                .iter()
+                                .filter(|(_, was_recovered)| !was_recovered)
+                                .map(|(sp, _)| *sp)
+                                .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+                                .into();
+                            let def_span = self.r.def_span(*def_id);
+                            let ty = self.r.tcx.item_name(*def_id);
+                            multispan.push_span_label(def_span, String::new());
+                            multispan.push_span_label(field.span, "defined here".to_string());
+                            for (span, _) in spans.iter().filter(|(_, r)| !r) {
+                                multispan.push_span_label(
+                                    *span,
+                                    format!(
+                                        "this pattern doesn't include `{field}`, which is \
+                                         available in `{ty}`",
+                                    ),
+                                );
+                            }
+                            err.span_note(
+                                multispan,
+                                format!(
+                                    "`{ty}` has a field `{field}` which could have been included \
+                                     in this pattern, but it wasn't",
+                                ),
+                            );
+                            break 'outer;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     fn suggest_at_operator_in_slice_pat_with_range(
         &mut self,
         err: &mut Diag<'_>,