rust/compiler/rustc_macros/src/diagnostics/diagnostic.rs

#![deny(unused_must_use)]

use crate::diagnostics::error::{
    invalid_nested_attr, span_err, throw_invalid_attr, throw_invalid_nested_attr, throw_span_err,
    SessionDiagnosticDeriveError,
};
use crate::diagnostics::utils::{
    option_inner_ty, report_error_if_not_applied_to_span, type_matches_path, FieldInfo,
    HasFieldMap, SetOnce,
};
use proc_macro2::TokenStream;
use quote::{format_ident, quote};
use std::collections::HashMap;
use syn::{spanned::Spanned, Attribute, Meta, MetaList, MetaNameValue, Type};
use synstructure::Structure;

/// The central struct for constructing the `as_error` method from an annotated struct.
pub(crate) struct SessionDiagnosticDerive<'a> {
    structure: Structure<'a>,
    builder: SessionDiagnosticDeriveBuilder,
}

impl<'a> SessionDiagnosticDerive<'a> {
    pub(crate) fn new(diag: syn::Ident, sess: syn::Ident, structure: Structure<'a>) -> Self {
        // Build the mapping of field names to fields. This allows attributes to peek values from
        // other fields.
        let mut fields_map = HashMap::new();

        // Convenience bindings.
        let ast = structure.ast();

        if let syn::Data::Struct(syn::DataStruct { fields, .. }) = &ast.data {
            for field in fields.iter() {
                if let Some(ident) = &field.ident {
                    fields_map.insert(ident.to_string(), quote! { &self.#ident });
                }
            }
        }

        Self {
            builder: SessionDiagnosticDeriveBuilder {
                diag,
                sess,
                fields: fields_map,
                kind: None,
                code: None,
                slug: None,
            },
            structure,
        }
    }

    pub(crate) fn into_tokens(self) -> TokenStream {
        let SessionDiagnosticDerive { mut structure, mut builder } = self;

        let ast = structure.ast();
        let attrs = &ast.attrs;

        let (implementation, param_ty) = {
            if let syn::Data::Struct(..) = ast.data {
                let preamble = {
                    let preamble = attrs.iter().map(|attr| {
                        builder
                            .generate_structure_code(attr)
                            .unwrap_or_else(|v| v.to_compile_error())
                    });

                    quote! {
                        #(#preamble)*;
                    }
                };

                // Generates calls to `span_label` and similar functions based on the attributes
                // on fields. Code for suggestions uses formatting machinery and the value of
                // other fields - because any given field can be referenced multiple times, it
                // should be accessed through a borrow. When passing fields to `set_arg` (which
                // happens below) for Fluent, we want to move the data, so that has to happen
                // in a separate pass over the fields.
                let attrs = structure.each(|field_binding| {
                    let field = field_binding.ast();
                    let result = field.attrs.iter().map(|attr| {
                        builder
                            .generate_field_attr_code(
                                attr,
                                FieldInfo {
                                    vis: &field.vis,
                                    binding: field_binding,
                                    ty: &field.ty,
                                    span: &field.span(),
                                },
                            )
                            .unwrap_or_else(|v| v.to_compile_error())
                    });

                    quote! { #(#result);* }
                });

                // When generating `set_arg` calls, move data rather than borrow it to avoid
                // requiring clones - this must therefore be the last use of each field (for
                // example, any formatting machinery that might refer to a field should be
                // generated already).
                structure.bind_with(|_| synstructure::BindStyle::Move);
                let args = structure.each(|field_binding| {
                    let field = field_binding.ast();
                    // When a field has attributes like `#[label]` or `#[note]` then it doesn't
                    // need to be passed as an argument to the diagnostic. But when a field has no
                    // attributes then it must be passed as an argument to the diagnostic so that
                    // it can be referred to by Fluent messages.
                    if field.attrs.is_empty() {
                        let diag = &builder.diag;
                        let ident = field_binding.ast().ident.as_ref().unwrap();
                        quote! {
                            #diag.set_arg(
                                stringify!(#ident),
                                #field_binding.into_diagnostic_arg()
                            );
                        }
                    } else {
                        quote! {}
                    }
                });

                let span = ast.span().unwrap();
                let (diag, sess) = (&builder.diag, &builder.sess);
                let init = match (builder.kind, builder.slug) {
                    (None, _) => {
                        span_err(span, "diagnostic kind not specified")
                            .help("use the `#[error(...)]` attribute to create an error")
                            .emit();
                        return SessionDiagnosticDeriveError::ErrorHandled.to_compile_error();
                    }
                    (Some((kind, _)), None) => {
                        span_err(span, "`slug` not specified")
                            .help(&format!("use the `#[{}(slug = \"...\")]` attribute to set this diagnostic's slug", kind.descr()))
                            .emit();
                        return SessionDiagnosticDeriveError::ErrorHandled.to_compile_error();
                    }
                    (Some((SessionDiagnosticKind::Error, _)), Some((slug, _))) => {
                        quote! {
                            let mut #diag = #sess.struct_err(
                                rustc_errors::DiagnosticMessage::fluent(#slug),
                            );
                        }
                    }
                    (Some((SessionDiagnosticKind::Warn, _)), Some((slug, _))) => {
                        quote! {
                            let mut #diag = #sess.struct_warn(
                                rustc_errors::DiagnosticMessage::fluent(#slug),
                            );
                        }
                    }
                };

                let implementation = quote! {
                    #init
                    #preamble
                    match self {
                        #attrs
                    }
                    match self {
                        #args
                    }
                    #diag
                };
                let param_ty = match builder.kind {
                    Some((SessionDiagnosticKind::Error, _)) => {
                        quote! { rustc_errors::ErrorGuaranteed }
                    }
                    Some((SessionDiagnosticKind::Warn, _)) => quote! { () },
                    _ => unreachable!(),
                };

                (implementation, param_ty)
            } else {
                span_err(
                    ast.span().unwrap(),
                    "`#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]` can only be used on structs",
                )
                .emit();

                let implementation = SessionDiagnosticDeriveError::ErrorHandled.to_compile_error();
                let param_ty = quote! { rustc_errors::ErrorGuaranteed };
                (implementation, param_ty)
            }
        };

        let sess = &builder.sess;
        structure.gen_impl(quote! {
            gen impl<'__session_diagnostic_sess> rustc_session::SessionDiagnostic<'__session_diagnostic_sess, #param_ty>
                    for @Self
            {
                fn into_diagnostic(
                    self,
                    #sess: &'__session_diagnostic_sess rustc_session::parse::ParseSess
                ) -> rustc_errors::DiagnosticBuilder<'__session_diagnostic_sess, #param_ty> {
                    use rustc_errors::IntoDiagnosticArg;
                    #implementation
                }
            }
        })
    }
}

/// What kind of session diagnostic is being derived - an error or a warning?
#[derive(Copy, Clone)]
enum SessionDiagnosticKind {
    /// `#[error(..)]`
    Error,
    /// `#[warn(..)]`
    Warn,
}

impl SessionDiagnosticKind {
    /// Returns human-readable string corresponding to the kind.
    fn descr(&self) -> &'static str {
        match self {
            SessionDiagnosticKind::Error => "error",
            SessionDiagnosticKind::Warn => "warning",
        }
    }
}

/// Tracks persistent information required for building up the individual calls to diagnostic
/// methods for the final generated method. This is a separate struct to `SessionDiagnosticDerive`
/// only to be able to destructure and split `self.builder` and the `self.structure` up to avoid a
/// double mut borrow later on.
struct SessionDiagnosticDeriveBuilder {
    /// Name of the session parameter that's passed in to the `as_error` method.
    sess: syn::Ident,
    /// The identifier to use for the generated `DiagnosticBuilder` instance.
    diag: syn::Ident,

    /// Store a map of field name to its corresponding field. This is built on construction of the
    /// derive builder.
    fields: HashMap<String, TokenStream>,

    /// Kind of diagnostic requested via the struct attribute.
    kind: Option<(SessionDiagnosticKind, proc_macro::Span)>,
    /// Slug is a mandatory part of the struct attribute as corresponds to the Fluent message that
    /// has the actual diagnostic message.
    slug: Option<(String, proc_macro::Span)>,
    /// Error codes are a optional part of the struct attribute - this is only set to detect
    /// multiple specifications.
    code: Option<(String, proc_macro::Span)>,
}

impl HasFieldMap for SessionDiagnosticDeriveBuilder {
    fn get_field_binding(&self, field: &String) -> Option<&TokenStream> {
        self.fields.get(field)
    }
}

impl SessionDiagnosticDeriveBuilder {
    /// Establishes state in the `SessionDiagnosticDeriveBuilder` resulting from the struct
    /// attributes like `#[error(..)#`, such as the diagnostic kind and slug. Generates
    /// diagnostic builder calls for setting error code and creating note/help messages.
    fn generate_structure_code(
        &mut self,
        attr: &Attribute,
    ) -> Result<TokenStream, SessionDiagnosticDeriveError> {
        let span = attr.span().unwrap();

        let name = attr.path.segments.last().unwrap().ident.to_string();
        let name = name.as_str();
        let meta = attr.parse_meta()?;

        if matches!(name, "help" | "note") && matches!(meta, Meta::Path(_) | Meta::NameValue(_)) {
            let diag = &self.diag;
            let slug = match &self.slug {
                Some((slug, _)) => slug.as_str(),
                None => throw_span_err!(
                    span,
                    &format!(
                        "`#[{}{}]` must come after `#[error(..)]` or `#[warn(..)]`",
                        name,
                        match meta {
                            Meta::Path(_) => "",
                            Meta::NameValue(_) => " = ...",
                            _ => unreachable!(),
                        }
                    )
                ),
            };
            let id = match meta {
                Meta::Path(..) => quote! { #name },
                Meta::NameValue(MetaNameValue { lit: syn::Lit::Str(s), .. }) => {
                    quote! { #s }
                }
                _ => unreachable!(),
            };
            let fn_name = proc_macro2::Ident::new(name, attr.span());

            return Ok(quote! {
                #diag.#fn_name(rustc_errors::DiagnosticMessage::fluent_attr(#slug, #id));
            });
        }

        let nested = match meta {
            Meta::List(MetaList { ref nested, .. }) => nested,
            _ => throw_invalid_attr!(attr, &meta),
        };

        let kind = match name {
            "error" => SessionDiagnosticKind::Error,
            "warning" => SessionDiagnosticKind::Warn,
            _ => throw_invalid_attr!(attr, &meta, |diag| {
                diag.help("only `error` and `warning` are valid attributes")
            }),
        };
        self.kind.set_once((kind, span));

        let mut tokens = Vec::new();
        for nested_attr in nested {
            let meta = match nested_attr {
                syn::NestedMeta::Meta(meta) => meta,
                _ => throw_invalid_nested_attr!(attr, &nested_attr),
            };

            let path = meta.path();
            let nested_name = path.segments.last().unwrap().ident.to_string();
            match &meta {
                // Struct attributes are only allowed to be applied once, and the diagnostic
                // changes will be set in the initialisation code.
                Meta::NameValue(MetaNameValue { lit: syn::Lit::Str(s), .. }) => {
                    let span = s.span().unwrap();
                    match nested_name.as_str() {
                        "slug" => {
                            self.slug.set_once((s.value(), span));
                        }
                        "code" => {
                            self.code.set_once((s.value(), span));
                            let (diag, code) = (&self.diag, &self.code.as_ref().map(|(v, _)| v));
                            tokens.push(quote! {
                                #diag.code(rustc_errors::DiagnosticId::Error(#code.to_string()));
                            });
                        }
                        _ => invalid_nested_attr(attr, &nested_attr)
                            .help("only `slug` and `code` are valid nested attributes")
                            .emit(),
                    }
                }
                _ => invalid_nested_attr(attr, &nested_attr).emit(),
            }
        }

        Ok(tokens.drain(..).collect())
    }

    fn generate_field_attr_code(
        &mut self,
        attr: &syn::Attribute,
        info: FieldInfo<'_>,
    ) -> Result<TokenStream, SessionDiagnosticDeriveError> {
        let field_binding = &info.binding.binding;
        let option_ty = option_inner_ty(&info.ty);
        let generated_code = self.generate_non_option_field_code(
            attr,
            FieldInfo {
                vis: info.vis,
                binding: info.binding,
                ty: option_ty.unwrap_or(&info.ty),
                span: info.span,
            },
        )?;

        if option_ty.is_none() {
            Ok(quote! { #generated_code })
        } else {
            Ok(quote! {
                if let Some(#field_binding) = #field_binding {
                    #generated_code
                }
            })
        }
    }

    fn generate_non_option_field_code(
        &mut self,
        attr: &Attribute,
        info: FieldInfo<'_>,
    ) -> Result<TokenStream, SessionDiagnosticDeriveError> {
        let diag = &self.diag;
        let field_binding = &info.binding.binding;

        let name = attr.path.segments.last().unwrap().ident.to_string();
        let name = name.as_str();

        let meta = attr.parse_meta()?;
        match meta {
            Meta::Path(_) => match name {
                "skip_arg" => {
                    // Don't need to do anything - by virtue of the attribute existing, the
                    // `set_arg` call will not be generated.
                    Ok(quote! {})
                }
                "primary_span" => {
                    report_error_if_not_applied_to_span(attr, &info)?;
                    Ok(quote! {
                        #diag.set_span(*#field_binding);
                    })
                }
                "label" | "note" | "help" => {
                    report_error_if_not_applied_to_span(attr, &info)?;
                    Ok(self.add_subdiagnostic(field_binding, name, name))
                }
                _ => throw_invalid_attr!(attr, &meta, |diag| {
                    diag
                        .help("only `skip_arg`, `primary_span`, `label`, `note` and `help` are valid field attributes")
                }),
            },
            Meta::NameValue(MetaNameValue { lit: syn::Lit::Str(ref s), .. }) => match name {
                "label" | "note" | "help" => {
                    report_error_if_not_applied_to_span(attr, &info)?;
                    Ok(self.add_subdiagnostic(field_binding, name, &s.value()))
                }
                _ => throw_invalid_attr!(attr, &meta, |diag| {
                    diag.help("only `label`, `note` and `help` are valid field attributes")
                }),
            },
            Meta::List(MetaList { ref path, ref nested, .. }) => {
                let name = path.segments.last().unwrap().ident.to_string();
                let name = name.as_ref();

                match name {
                    "suggestion" | "suggestion_short" | "suggestion_hidden"
                    | "suggestion_verbose" => (),
                    _ => throw_invalid_attr!(attr, &meta, |diag| {
                        diag
                            .help("only `suggestion{,_short,_hidden,_verbose}` are valid field attributes")
                    }),
                };

                let (span_, applicability) = self.span_and_applicability_of_ty(info)?;

                let mut msg = None;
                let mut code = None;

                for nested_attr in nested {
                    let meta = match nested_attr {
                        syn::NestedMeta::Meta(ref meta) => meta,
                        syn::NestedMeta::Lit(_) => throw_invalid_nested_attr!(attr, &nested_attr),
                    };

                    let nested_name = meta.path().segments.last().unwrap().ident.to_string();
                    let nested_name = nested_name.as_str();
                    match meta {
                        Meta::NameValue(MetaNameValue { lit: syn::Lit::Str(s), .. }) => {
                            match nested_name {
                                "message" => {
                                    msg = Some(s.value());
                                }
                                "code" => {
                                    let formatted_str = self.build_format(&s.value(), s.span());
                                    code = Some(formatted_str);
                                }
                                _ => throw_invalid_nested_attr!(attr, &nested_attr, |diag| {
                                    diag.help(
                                        "only `message` and `code` are valid field attributes",
                                    )
                                }),
                            }
                        }
                        _ => throw_invalid_nested_attr!(attr, &nested_attr),
                    }
                }

                let method = format_ident!("span_{}", name);

                let slug = self
                    .slug
                    .as_ref()
                    .map(|(slug, _)| slug.as_str())
                    .unwrap_or_else(|| "missing-slug");
                let msg = msg.as_deref().unwrap_or("suggestion");
                let msg = quote! { rustc_errors::DiagnosticMessage::fluent_attr(#slug, #msg) };
                let code = code.unwrap_or_else(|| quote! { String::new() });

                Ok(quote! { #diag.#method(#span_, #msg, #code, #applicability); })
            }
            _ => throw_invalid_attr!(attr, &meta),
        }
    }

    /// Adds a subdiagnostic by generating a `diag.span_$kind` call with the current slug and
    /// `fluent_attr_identifier`.
    fn add_subdiagnostic(
        &self,
        field_binding: &proc_macro2::Ident,
        kind: &str,
        fluent_attr_identifier: &str,
    ) -> TokenStream {
        let diag = &self.diag;

        let slug =
            self.slug.as_ref().map(|(slug, _)| slug.as_str()).unwrap_or_else(|| "missing-slug");
        let fn_name = format_ident!("span_{}", kind);
        quote! {
            #diag.#fn_name(
                *#field_binding,
                rustc_errors::DiagnosticMessage::fluent_attr(#slug, #fluent_attr_identifier)
            );
        }
    }

    fn span_and_applicability_of_ty(
        &self,
        info: FieldInfo<'_>,
    ) -> Result<(TokenStream, TokenStream), SessionDiagnosticDeriveError> {
        match &info.ty {
            // If `ty` is `Span` w/out applicability, then use `Applicability::Unspecified`.
            ty @ Type::Path(..) if type_matches_path(ty, &["rustc_span", "Span"]) => {
                let binding = &info.binding.binding;
                Ok((quote!(*#binding), quote!(rustc_errors::Applicability::Unspecified)))
            }
            // If `ty` is `(Span, Applicability)` then return tokens accessing those.
            Type::Tuple(tup) => {
                let mut span_idx = None;
                let mut applicability_idx = None;

                for (idx, elem) in tup.elems.iter().enumerate() {
                    if type_matches_path(elem, &["rustc_span", "Span"]) {
                        if span_idx.is_none() {
                            span_idx = Some(syn::Index::from(idx));
                        } else {
                            throw_span_err!(
                                info.span.unwrap(),
                                "type of field annotated with `#[suggestion(...)]` contains more than one `Span`"
                            );
                        }
                    } else if type_matches_path(elem, &["rustc_errors", "Applicability"]) {
                        if applicability_idx.is_none() {
                            applicability_idx = Some(syn::Index::from(idx));
                        } else {
                            throw_span_err!(
                                info.span.unwrap(),
                                "type of field annotated with `#[suggestion(...)]` contains more than one Applicability"
                            );
                        }
                    }
                }

                if let Some(span_idx) = span_idx {
                    let binding = &info.binding.binding;
                    let span = quote!(#binding.#span_idx);
                    let applicability = applicability_idx
                        .map(|applicability_idx| quote!(#binding.#applicability_idx))
                        .unwrap_or_else(|| quote!(rustc_errors::Applicability::Unspecified));

                    return Ok((span, applicability));
                }

                throw_span_err!(info.span.unwrap(), "wrong types for suggestion", |diag| {
                    diag.help("`#[suggestion(...)]` on a tuple field must be applied to fields of type `(Span, Applicability)`")
                });
            }
            // If `ty` isn't a `Span` or `(Span, Applicability)` then emit an error.
            _ => throw_span_err!(info.span.unwrap(), "wrong field type for suggestion", |diag| {
                diag.help("`#[suggestion(...)]` should be applied to fields of type `Span` or `(Span, Applicability)`")
            }),
        }
    }
}