Chapter 5 – Dictionaries and Structuring Data

Q: 1. What does the code for an empty dictionary look like?

{}

Q: 2. What does a dictionary value with a key 'foo' and a value 42 look like?

{'foo', 42}

Q: 3. What is the main difference between a dictionary and a list?

The item stored in dictionary are unordered, while the items in a list are ordered.

Q: 4. What happens if you try to access spam['foo'] if spam is {'bar': 100}?

KeyError error.

Q: 5. If a dictionary is stored in spam, what is the difference between the expressions 'cat' in spam and 'cat' in spam.keys()?

no different.

Q: 6. If a dictionary is stored in spam, what is the difference between the expressions 'cat' in spam and 'cat' in spam.values()?

'cat' in spam checks whether there is a 'cat' key, while 'cat' in spam.values() checks whether there is a 'cat' value.

Q: 7. What is a shortcut for the following code?
if 'color' not in spam:
   spam['color'] = 'black'

spam.serdefault('color', 'black')

Q: 8. What module and function can be used to “pretty print” dictionary values? pprint.pprint()