451 lines
9.2 KiB
Plaintext
451 lines
9.2 KiB
Plaintext
{
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"cells": [
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"# Python Random Numbers Module\n",
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"[Official Documentation](https://docs.python.org/3/library/random.html)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 1,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": [
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"import random"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"### randint\n",
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"Gives you a random integer between from and to values, inclusive."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 37,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"2 2 3 1 1 2 0 2 3 2 0 0 2 2 0 3 3 2 1 2 3 0 2 2 2 "
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"for i in range (25):\n",
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" print(random.randint(0, 3), end=' ')"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"### randrange\n",
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"Works similar to the range function -- gives you a random number between from and to-1, with optional step. \n",
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"From defaults to 0 if only 1 argument is given. \n",
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"Step defaults to 1 if only 2 arguments are given."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 38,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"25\n",
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"3 6 6 6 6 3 3 3 0 0 6 6 3 0 6 0 3 0 6 6 6 6 3 3 6 "
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"print(random.randrange(100))\n",
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"\n",
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"for i in range (25):\n",
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" print(random.randrange(0, 9, 3), end=' ')"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"### choice\n",
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"Returns one randomly chosen item from a sequence (list, tuple or string). Works for lists/tuples of integers, floats, strings or other objects. "
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 40,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"9\n",
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"Roby\n",
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"Darby\n",
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"Washington\n",
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"Hampton\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"print(random.choice([3, 5, 7, 9, 11]))\n",
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"\n",
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"names = ['Roby', 'Matthews', 'Washington', 'Darby', 'Hampton']\n",
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"for i in range(4):\n",
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" print(random.choice(names))"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 41,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"-\n",
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"a c e b b a e d c c "
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"print(random.choice('bunch-of-letters'))\n",
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"\n",
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"material = 'brocade'\n",
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"for i in range(10):\n",
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" print(random.choice(material), end=' ')"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"### choices\n",
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"Just like choice, but returns a list of n random choices, with replacement, so each pick is from the full sequence."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 42,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"[9, 5, 3, 6, 5, 6, 5, 3, 1, 5, 10, 1, 4, 4, 10]\n",
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"[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"numbers = [n+1 for n in range(10)]\n",
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"my_picks = random.choices(numbers, k=15)\n",
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"print(my_picks)\n",
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"print(numbers)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 43,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"['Darby', 'Hampton']\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"names = ['Roby', 'Matthews', 'Washington', 'Darby', 'Hampton']\n",
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"print(random.choices(names, k=2))"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"You can also add weights if you want some items to have a better chance of being picked. Here, 1 is 4x more likely than 4 to be picked."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 44,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"[2, 1, 3, 4, 1, 1, 1, 3, 2, 2, 2, 4, 2, 1, 1, 3, 2, 3, 1, 3]\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"numbers = [1,2,3,4]\n",
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"my_picks = random.choices(numbers, weights=[4,3,2,1], k=20)\n",
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"print(my_picks)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"#### Use random.choices to generate random passwords \n",
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"First we pick a list of 8 random numbers between a and z on the ascii table, then we convert the numbers to ascii letters, then join them into a string."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 45,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"[100, 109, 104, 100, 103, 102, 118, 121]\n",
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"dmhdgfvy\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"picks = random.choices(range(ord('a'),ord('z')), k=8)\n",
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"print(picks)\n",
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"picks = [chr(i) for i in picks]\n",
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"print(''.join(picks))"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"Here's a random password generator that uses all upper and lower case letters and numbers."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 46,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"Z81Hw3uk\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"import string\n",
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"all_chars = string.ascii_lowercase + string.ascii_uppercase + string.digits\n",
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"pw = ''.join(random.choices(all_chars, k=8))\n",
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"print(pw)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"### sample\n",
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"Just like choices, but without replacement. \n",
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"Useful for picking lottery winners or bingo numbers. \n",
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"Returned list is in the order they were picked."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 49,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"['green', 'pink']\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"colors = ['red', 'blue', 'green', 'aqua', 'pink', 'black']\n",
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"picks = random.sample(colors, k=2)\n",
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"print(picks)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"Using the range function as an argument will not give you any duplicate picks."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 35,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"[18, 38, 20, 50, 1]\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"picks = random.sample(range(1,51), k=5)\n",
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"print(picks)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"### shuffle\n",
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"Shuffle any sequence into random order. \n",
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"This is an in-place shuffle, and it doesn't return anything."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 50,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]\n",
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"None\n",
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"[2, 6, 8, 1, 4, 7, 5, 3]\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]\n",
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"print(numbers)\n",
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"print(random.shuffle(numbers))\n",
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"\n",
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"random.shuffle(numbers)\n",
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"print(numbers)"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"----"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"### random.random()\n",
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"Random floating point values between 0.0 and 1.0."
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 22,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"0.8424897774160051\n",
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"0.9016594664191279\n",
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"0.5162849368345925\n",
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"0.021852081927422384\n",
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"0.5740618908246983\n",
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"0.6539291129848911\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"print(random.random())\n",
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"\n",
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"for i in range(5):\n",
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" print(random.random())"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"### uniform (from, to)\n",
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"Random float between a range of values"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 52,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [
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{
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"name": "stdout",
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"output_type": "stream",
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"text": [
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"2.5032833557221568\n",
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"10.31258224982709\n",
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"9.431820659293221\n",
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"10.4390639618008\n",
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"9.6906814789157\n",
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"10.559354593909362\n"
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]
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}
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],
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"source": [
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"print(random.uniform(2.1, 4.3))\n",
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"\n",
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"for i in range(5):\n",
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" print(random.uniform(9.4, 10.7))"
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]
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},
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{
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"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": null,
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"metadata": {},
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"outputs": [],
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"source": []
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}
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],
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"metadata": {
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"kernelspec": {
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"display_name": "Python 3",
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"language": "python",
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"name": "python3"
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},
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"language_info": {
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"codemirror_mode": {
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"name": "ipython",
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"version": 3
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},
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"file_extension": ".py",
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"mimetype": "text/x-python",
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"name": "python",
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"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
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"pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
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"version": "3.7.0"
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}
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},
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"nbformat": 4,
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"nbformat_minor": 2
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}
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