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flypythoncom.github.io/article/python-oa-04/index.html
Jimmy Xiang 4dcf1e9282 Site updated: 2020-02-08 11:02:27
2020-02-08 11:02:28 +08:00

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<h2 class="wrapper title">Python读取PDF文字和表格</h2>
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<span>Author：</span><span>flypython</span> | <span>Date: </span><span>2019-01-04</span> | <span>Category：</span><span><a href="/fly/自动化办公/" title="自动化办公">自动化办公</a></span>
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<blockquote>
<p>【极简Python 自动化办公】专栏是介绍如何利用python办公，减少工作负荷。篇幅精炼，内容易懂，无论是否有编程基础，都非常适合。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>在日常的工作中，处理PDF是最平常不过的事情了。今天带来极简Python自动化办公系列之使用Python提取Pdf文字和表格，希望能够在PDF处理上帮到你。</p>
<p>这次我们准备了一个pdf测试文件，内容如下：</p>
<p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006y8mN6ly1g8e0nlr7gdj30kc0zcjua.jpg" alt></p>
<p>pdf中包括了2页，有文字，图片和表格，覆盖了大部分pdf的场景。</p>
<h4 id="pdfplumber介绍"><a href="#pdfplumber介绍" class="headerlink" title="pdfplumber介绍"></a>pdfplumber介绍</h4><p>Pdfplumber是一个可以处理pdf格式信息的库。它可以查找关于每个文本字符、矩阵、和行的详细信息，也可以对表格进行提取并进行可视化调试。</p>
<p>官方repo:<br> <code>https://github.com/jsvine/pdfplumber</code></p>
<p>安装：<br><code>pip install pdfplumber</code></p>
<h4 id="使用入门"><a href="#使用入门" class="headerlink" title="使用入门"></a>使用入门</h4><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">import pdfplumber</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line">with pdfplumber.open(&quot;test.pdf&quot;) as pdf:</span><br><span class="line"> first_page = pdf.pages[0] #取第一页</span><br><span class="line"> print(first_page.chars[0])#打印第一页第一个字文字信息</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>结果：</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&#123;&apos;fontname&apos;: &apos;CRSMRF+PingFangTC-Semibold&apos;, &apos;adv&apos;: Decimal(&apos;1.000&apos;), &apos;upright&apos;: 1, &apos;x0&apos;: Decimal(&apos;57.000&apos;), &apos;y0&apos;: Decimal(&apos;751.840&apos;), &apos;x1&apos;: Decimal(&apos;81.000&apos;), &apos;y1&apos;: Decimal(&apos;779.776&apos;), &apos;width&apos;: Decimal(&apos;24.000&apos;), &apos;height&apos;: Decimal(&apos;27.936&apos;), &apos;size&apos;: Decimal(&apos;27.936&apos;), &apos;object_type&apos;: &apos;char&apos;, &apos;page_number&apos;: 1, &apos;text&apos;: &apos;关&apos;, &apos;top&apos;: Decimal(&apos;62.224&apos;), &apos;bottom&apos;: Decimal(&apos;90.160&apos;), &apos;doctop&apos;: Decimal(&apos;62.224&apos;)&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>格式化之后：</p>
<p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006y8mN6ly1g8e0nm8qvij30kq0hi0um.jpg" alt></p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">&#123;</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;fontname&quot;:&quot;CRSMRF+PingFangTC-Semibold&quot;,</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;adv&quot;:&quot;1.000&quot;,</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;upright&quot;:1,</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;x0&quot;:&quot;57.000&quot;,</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;y0&quot;:&quot;751.840&quot;,</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;x1&quot;:&quot;81.000&quot;,</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;y1&quot;:&quot;779.776&quot;,</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;width&quot;:&quot;24.000&quot;,</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;height&quot;:&quot;27.936&quot;,</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;size&quot;:&quot;27.936&quot;,</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;object_type&quot;:&quot;char&quot;,</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;page_number&quot;:1, #页数</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;text&quot;:&quot;关&quot;, #第一个文字</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;top&quot;:&quot;62.224&quot;,</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;90.160&quot;,</span><br><span class="line"> &quot;doctop&quot;:&quot;62.224&quot;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="常用方法"><a href="#常用方法" class="headerlink" title="常用方法"></a>常用方法</h4><ul>
<li>extract_text() 用来提页面中的文本，将页面的所有字符对象整理为一个字符串</li>
<li>extract_words() 返回的是所有的单词及其相关信息</li>
<li>extract_tables() 提取页面的表格</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="提取文字"><a href="#提取文字" class="headerlink" title="提取文字"></a>提取文字</h4><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">#!/usr/bin/env python3</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">import pdfplumber</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">with pdfplumber.open(&quot;test.pdf&quot;) as pdf:</span><br><span class="line"> first_page = pdf.pages[0]</span><br><span class="line"> text = first_page.extract_text() #提取第一页的所有文字</span><br><span class="line"> print(text)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006y8mN6ly1g8e0nmzq4wj30r007wgms.jpg" alt></p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">关于我们</span><br><span class="line">关于FlyPython</span><br><span class="line">FlyPython是提供⼀站式Python编程学习的组织，我们致⼒于为⽤户提供⾼</span><br><span class="line">效，有趣的学习环境，打造专注于Python的中⽂学习社区。</span><br><span class="line">联系我们</span><br><span class="line">客服&amp;合作: 微信号 flypython</span><br><span class="line">微信公众号：</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="提取表格"><a href="#提取表格" class="headerlink" title="提取表格"></a>提取表格</h4><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">#!/usr/bin/env python3</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">import pdfplumber</span><br><span class="line">import pandas as pd</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">with pdfplumber.open(&quot;test.pdf&quot;) as pdf:</span><br><span class="line"> first_page = pdf.pages[0]</span><br><span class="line"> text = first_page.extract_text()</span><br><span class="line"> print(text)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> second_page = pdf.pages[1] #第二页</span><br><span class="line"> table = second_page.extract_tables()#在第二页提取表格</span><br><span class="line"> for t in table:</span><br><span class="line"> df = pd.DataFrame(t[1:],columns=t[0])</span><br><span class="line"> print(df)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006y8mN6ly1g8e0no9hykj30po0f8wg9.jpg" alt></p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"> 分类 书名</span><br><span class="line">0 Python入门 Python编程：从入门到\n实践</span><br><span class="line">1 Python中级 流畅的Python</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h4 id="总结"><a href="#总结" class="headerlink" title="总结"></a>总结</h4><p>pdfplumber的接口还是很容易的，如果只是需要提取文字，几行代码就可以提取到。如果是表格并没有提取出来或者错误的提取了非表格的内容，你需要在提取表格时加入<code>table_settings</code>参数来指定表格的设置。</p>
<p>这次的demo中，图片并没有提取出来，pdf图片的提取会放到下一篇文章，敬请期待。</p>
<p><em>人生苦短，我用python早下班。如果觉得不错，对你工作中有帮助，可以长按下列二维码关注我们的公众号。</em></p>
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