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<span>Author：</span><span>flypython</span> | <span>Date: </span><span>2019-01-01</span> | <span>Category：</span><span><a href="/fly/自动化办公/" title="自动化办公">自动化办公</a></span>
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<h1 id="【极简Python-自动化办公】Python写入Excel表格"><a href="#【极简Python-自动化办公】Python写入Excel表格" class="headerlink" title="【极简Python 自动化办公】Python写入Excel表格"></a>【极简Python 自动化办公】Python写入Excel表格</h1><blockquote>
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<p>【极简Python 自动化办公】专栏是介绍如何利用python办公，减少工作负荷。篇幅精炼，内容易懂，无论是否有编程基础，都非常适合。</p>
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</blockquote>
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<p>在上次文章中，我们学习了【用python读取excel】，这次我们继续学习Python写excel吧！</p>
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<p><img src="http://jcjview.github.io/img/flypythonpython-excel-tutorial.jpg" alt></p>
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<h2 id="0-摘要"><a href="#0-摘要" class="headerlink" title="0.摘要"></a>0.摘要</h2><p><strong>本文大约需要15分钟，建议在电脑上打开，边阅读边操作。</strong></p>
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<ol>
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<li>安装Python读excel模块——xlwt</li>
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<li>准备写入表格内容</li>
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<li>编写python代码并运行</li>
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<li>使用for循环语句读取并写入excel表格</li>
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</ol>
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<h2 id="1-安装xlwt"><a href="#1-安装xlwt" class="headerlink" title="1.安装xlwt"></a>1.安装xlwt</h2><p>与上篇文章类似，需要在cmd窗口输入<figure class="highlight plain"><figcaption><span>install xlwt```。</span></figcaption><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">## 2.准备写入表格内容</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">这步很简单，只要想好输入内容即可，这里设计了一个简单的表格内容作为写入内容（目前这个内容还不存在）。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">| 序号 | 学号 |年龄 |</span><br><span class="line">| --- | --- |--- |</span><br><span class="line">| 张三 | 20190901 |11|</span><br><span class="line">| 李四 |20190902|12 |</span><br><span class="line">| 小明 | 20190903 |13 |</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">## 3.编写python代码并运行</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">新建一个writeexcel.py文件，用记事本或其他文本编辑工具打开。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">本次写入excel的思路是，新建文件->指定行列->写入内容。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">在文本编辑工具中输入如下代码，保存并关闭。</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
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<p>import xlwt</p>
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<p>f = xlwt.Workbook()<br>sheet1 = f.add_sheet(‘sheet1’,cell_overwrite_ok=True)<br>column = [“姓名”,”学号”,”年龄”]<br>name = [“张三”,”李四”,”小明”]</p>
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<p>school_code = [20190901,20190902,20190903]</p>
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<p>age = [11,12,13]</p>
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<p>sheet1.write(0,0,column[0])#第1行第1列<br>sheet1.write(0,1,column[1])#第3行第3列<br>sheet1.write(0,2,column[2])#第2行第2列</p>
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<p>sheet1.write(1,0,name[0])#第2行第1列<br>sheet1.write(1,1,school_code[0])#第2行第1列<br>sheet1.write(1,2,age[0])#第3行第1列</p>
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<p>sheet1.write(2,0,name[1])<br>sheet1.write(2,1,school_code[1])<br>sheet1.write(2,2,age[1])</p>
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<p>sheet1.write(3,0,name[2])<br>sheet1.write(3,1,school_code[2])<br>sheet1.write(3,2,age[2])</p>
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<p>f.save(‘test1.xls’)</p>
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<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">还是一样，注意每句的开头不可以有空格，因为python用*缩进*来表示编程的层次，缩进不同就会报错了。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">在保存writeexcel.py的位置上打开cmd，运行 python writeexcel.py</span><br><span class="line">可以看到结果：</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">## 4.使用for循环语句读取并写入excel表格</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">非常好！您已经学会了如何读取和写入excel表格。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">但是，我们只能一个一个单元格读取和写入数据，这比手工操作excel表格快不了多少。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">接下来，我们需要学习使用for循环，来批量读取一个excel表格，并循环写入另一个excel表格中。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">不要删除test1.xls，在test1.xls文件的位置，新建一个rwexcel.py文件，将下面代码输入到文件中：</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<p>import xlrd<br>import xlwt</p>
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<p>wb = xlrd.open_workbook(“test1.xls”)#打开文件<br>sheet1 = wb.sheet_by_index(0)#获取第一个表格</p>
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<p>column = []#列名</p>
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<p>data=[]</p>
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<p>#获取列名<br>column.append(sheet1.cell(0,0).value)#姓名<br>column.append(sheet1.cell(0,1).value)#学号<br>column.append(sheet1.cell(0,2).value)#年龄</p>
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<p>for i in range(1,sheet1.nrows):#sheet1.nrows 行数<br> coldata=[]<br> coldata.append(sheet1.cell(i, 0).value)#姓名<br> coldata.append(int(sheet1.cell_value(i, 1)))#学号<br> coldata.append(sheet1.cell(i, 2).value)#年龄<br> data.append(coldata)</p>
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<p>f = xlwt.Workbook()<br>sheetw = f.add_sheet(‘sheet1’,cell_overwrite_ok=True)</p>
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<p>sheetw.write(0,0,column[0])#姓名<br>sheetw.write(0,2,column[2])#学号<br>sheetw.write(0,1,column[1])#年龄</p>
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<p>for i in range(len(data)):<br> d=data[i]<br> sheetw.write(i+1, 0, d[0]) # 第2行第1列<br> sheetw.write(i+1, 1, d[1]) # 第2行第1列<br> sheetw.write(i+1, 2, d[2]) # 第3行第1列</p>
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<p>f.save(‘test2.xls’)</p>
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<p>```</p>
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<p>运行后，会生成一个test2.xls，与test1.xls一模一样。</p>
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<p><em>人生苦短，我用python早下班。如果觉得不错，对你工作中有帮助，请加我微信公众号flypython，我们一起探讨python相关问题</em></p>
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