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<span>Author：</span><span>flypython</span> | <span>Date: </span><span>2019-01-05</span> | <span>Category：</span><span><a href="/fly/自动化办公/" title="自动化办公">自动化办公</a></span>
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<blockquote>
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<p>【极简Python 自动化办公】专栏是介绍如何利用python办公，减少工作负荷。篇幅精炼，内容易懂，无论是否有编程基础，都非常适合。</p>
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</blockquote>
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<p>在上次的文章中，我们从PDF中提取了文字和表格，这次我们需要提取图片。</p>
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<p>还是先来看看我们上次的测试例子</p>
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<p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006y8mN6ly1g8e0nlr7gdj30kc0zcjua.jpg" alt></p>
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<p>这次我们要提取第一页的二维码图片。</p>
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<h4 id="fitz介绍"><a href="#fitz介绍" class="headerlink" title="fitz介绍"></a>fitz介绍</h4><p>pymupdf是mupdf的Python绑定，而今天我们要使用的fitz是pymupdf的子模块。需要的时候，使用pip安装。</p>
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<p><code>pip install pymupdf</code></p>
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<p>导入的时使用<code>import fitz</code>导入模块。</p>
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<p>更多信息可参考pymupdf的文档:<br><code>https://pymupdf.readthedocs.io/en/latest/intro/</code></p>
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<h4 id="提取图片"><a href="#提取图片" class="headerlink" title="提取图片"></a>提取图片</h4><p>提取图片的思路是通过正则表达式找到图片对象，然后保存为图片格式。</p>
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<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">#!/usr/bin/env python3</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">import fitz #pip install pymupdf</span><br><span class="line">import re</span><br><span class="line">import os</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">def find_imag(path,img_path):</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> checkXO = r"/Type(?= */XObject)"</span><br><span class="line"> checkIM = r"/Subtype(?= */Image)"</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> pdf = fitz.open(path)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> img_count = 0</span><br><span class="line"> len_XREF = pdf._getXrefLength()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> print("文件名:{}, 页数: {}, 对象: {}".format(path, len(pdf), len_XREF - 1))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> for i in range(1, len_XREF):</span><br><span class="line"> text = pdf._getXrefString(i)</span><br><span class="line"> isXObject = re.search(checkXO, text)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> # 使用正则表达式查看是否是图片</span><br><span class="line"> isImage = re.search(checkIM, text)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> # 如果不是对象也不是图片，则continue</span><br><span class="line"> if not isXObject or not isImage:</span><br><span class="line"> continue</span><br><span class="line"> img_count += 1</span><br><span class="line"> # 根据索引生成图像</span><br><span class="line"> pix = fitz.Pixmap(pdf, i)</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> new_name = path.replace('\\', '_') + "_img{}.png".format(img_count)</span><br><span class="line"> new_name = new_name.replace(':', '')</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> # 如果pix.n<5,可以直接存为PNG</span><br><span class="line"> if pix.n < 5:</span><br><span class="line"> pix.writePNG(os.path.join(img_path, new_name))</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> else:</span><br><span class="line"> pix0 = fitz.Pixmap(fitz.csRGB, pix)</span><br><span class="line"> pix0.writePNG(os.path.join(img_path, new_name))</span><br><span class="line"> pix0 = None</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> pix = None</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> print("提取了{}张图片".format(img_count))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">if __name__=='__main__':</span><br><span class="line"> pdf_path = r'test.pdf'</span><br><span class="line"> img_path = r'img'</span><br><span class="line"> m = find_imag(pdf_path, img_path)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<p>运行程序结果：</p>
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<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[pdf] python3 pdf_img.py</span><br><span class="line">文件名:test.pdf, 页数: 2, 对象: 115</span><br><span class="line">提取了1张图片</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<p>在img目录中，已经存在了我们需要的文件</p>
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<p><img src="https://tva1.sinaimg.cn/large/006y8mN6ly1g8osipfp3uj30uu0jqgrw.jpg" alt></p>
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<h4 id="总结"><a href="#总结" class="headerlink" title="总结"></a>总结</h4><p>pymupdf的使用，今天就简单介绍到这里。更多的功能请参考pymupdf文档。</p>
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<p>下一篇，我们将带来pdf转换为图片的讨论。</p>
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