python/exercises/practice/list-ops

List Ops

Implement basic list operations.

In functional languages list operations like length, map, and reduce are very common. Implement a series of basic list operations, without using existing functions.

The precise number and names of the operations to be implemented will be track dependent to avoid conflicts with existing names, but the general operations you will implement include:

• append (given two lists, add all items in the second list to the end of the first list);
• concatenate (given a series of lists, combine all items in all lists into one flattened list);
• filter (given a predicate and a list, return the list of all items for which predicate(item) is True);
• length (given a list, return the total number of items within it);
• map (given a function and a list, return the list of the results of applying function(item) on all items);
• foldl (given a function, a list, and initial accumulator, fold (reduce) each item into the accumulator from the left using function(accumulator, item));
• foldr (given a function, a list, and an initial accumulator, fold (reduce) each item into the accumulator from the right using function(item, accumulator));
• reverse (given a list, return a list with all the original items, but in reversed order);

Exception messages

Sometimes it is necessary to raise an exception. When you do this, you should include a meaningful error message to indicate what the source of the error is. This makes your code more readable and helps significantly with debugging. Not every exercise will require you to raise an exception, but for those that do, the tests will only pass if you include a message.

To raise a message with an exception, just write it as an argument to the exception type. For example, instead of raise Exception, you should write:

raise Exception("Meaningful message indicating the source of the error")

Running the tests

To run the tests, run pytest list_ops_test.py

Alternatively, you can tell Python to run the pytest module: python -m pytest list_ops_test.py

Common pytest options

• -v : enable verbose output
• -x : stop running tests on first failure
• --ff : run failures from previous test before running other test cases

For other options, see python -m pytest -h

Submitting Exercises

Note that, when trying to submit an exercise, make sure the solution is in the $EXERCISM_WORKSPACE/python/list-ops directory.

You can find your Exercism workspace by running exercism debug and looking for the line that starts with Workspace.

For more detailed information about running tests, code style and linting, please see Running the Tests.

Submitting Incomplete Solutions

It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.