Renamed processing-logs to little-sisiters-vocab.
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BethanyG
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# Hints
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## General
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- The [Python documentation for `str`][python-str-doc] has an overview of the Python `str` type.
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## 1. Get message from a log line
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- Strings in Python have [lots of convenient instance methods][str-type-methods] for cleaning, splitting, manipulating, and creating new strings. Extracting values from a string could be done by splitting it based on a substring, for example.
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## 2. Get log level from a log line
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- Strings also have methods that help convert letters from lower to uppercase and vice-versa.
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## 3. Reformat a log line
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Strings are immutable, but can be combined together to make new strings, or have elements replaced. This goal can be accomplished by using string methods, or operators like `+` or `+=` (which are overloaded to work with strings).
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Python also has a concept of string formatting, like many other languages.
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- The [`str.join()`][str-join] method is useful to join an iterable of strings into one string by interspersing them with a common value, e.g. `":".join("abcde")` would create `"a:b:c:d:e"`.
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- [`str.format()`][str-format] is an idiomatic way to do string interpolation in Python (inserting one or more string value(s) into another).
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- [Format strings][format-str] are another convenient way to interpolate values into a string. This strategy is particularly useful when more than one named variable needs to be inserted into a final output.
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[python-str-doc]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#text-sequence-type-str
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[str-type-methods]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#str
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[str-join]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#str.join
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[str-format]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#str.format
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[format-str]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/string.html#formatstrings
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# Instructions
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In this exercise you'll be processing log-lines.
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Each log line is a string formatted as follows: `"[<LEVEL>]: <MESSAGE>"`.
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There are three different log levels:
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- `INFO`
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- `WARNING`
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- `ERROR`
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You have three tasks, each of which will take a log line and ask you to do something with it.
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## 1. Extract a message from a log line
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Implement the `extract_message` to return a log line's message:
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```python
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>>> extract_message("[ERROR]: Invalid operation")
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'Invalid operation'
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```
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The message should be trimmed of any whitespace.
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```python
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>>> extract_message("[ERROR]: Invalid operation.\t\n")
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'Invalid operation.'
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```
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## 2. Change a message's loglevel.
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Implement the `change_log_level` function to replace a log line's current log level with a new one:
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```python
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>>> change_log_level("[INFO]: Fatal Error.", "ERROR")
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'[ERROR]: Fatal Error.'
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```
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## 3. Reformat a log line
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Implement the `reformat` function to reformat the log line, putting the message first and the log level after it in parentheses:
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```python
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>>> reformat("[INFO]: Operation completed")
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'Operation completed (info)'
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```
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# Introduction
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A `str` typed object in Python is an immutable sequence of Unicode code points. This could include letters, numbers, punctuation, etc. To manipulate strings, Python provides string methods that can transform a string into other types, create new strings based on method arguments, or return information about the string. Strings can be concatenated with `+`.
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Immutability means that a string's value doesn't change; methods that appear to modify a string actually return a new instance of `str`.
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{
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"blurb": "Learn about strings by processing log files.",
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"authors": [
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"aldraco"
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],
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"files": {
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"solution": [
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"strings.py"
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],
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"test": [
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"strings_test.py"
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],
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"exemplar": [
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".meta/exemplar.py"
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]
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},
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"forked_from": [
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"csharp/strings"
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]
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}
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# Design
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## Goal
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The goal of this exercise is to teach the student about Python strings, and familiarize them with string manipulation in Python.
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## Things to teach
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- Know that Python has a `str` type.
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- Know how to find items in a string.
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- Know how to manipulate strings to create new strings.
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- Familiarize one's self with string instance methods in Python.
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- Learn about string formatting.
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## Things not to teach
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- Regex: `regex` is a useful tool for a solution, but isn't required.
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- Iteration: Although strings are iterable, this is not the focus of this exercise.
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## Concepts
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The Concepts this exercise unlocks are:
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- `strings-basic`: know about `str` type in Python, know some basic methods, know about formatting.
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## Prerequisites
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- `functions`: The student should be familiar with creating functions.
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## Representer
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This exercise does not require any logic to be added to the [representer][representer]
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## Analyzer
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This exercise does not require any logic to be added to the [analyzer][analyzer].
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[analyzer]: https://github.com/exercism/python-analyzer
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[representer]: https://github.com/exercism/python-representer
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import re
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LOGLINE_RE = r"\[(?P<level>INFO|ERROR|WARN)\] (?P<msg>.*)"
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def _extract_pieces(message):
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pieces = re.search(LOGLINE_RE, message)
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return pieces.group("level"), pieces.group("msg")
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def _extract_pieces_no_regex_groups(message):
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words = [word for word in re.split("[\s\[\]]", message) if word]
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return words[0], " ".join(words[1:])
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def _extract_pieces_no_regex(message):
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words = [word for word in message.strip().replace("]", "[").split("[") if word]
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return words[0], words[1].strip()
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def change_log_level(message, new_loglevel):
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"""Change loglevel of message to new_loglevel."""
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return f"[{new_loglevel}] {extract_message(message)}"
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def extract_message(message):
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return _extract_pieces_no_regex(message)[1]
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def reformat(message):
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loglevel, msg = _extract_pieces_no_regex_groups(message)
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return f"{msg} ({loglevel.lower()})"
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@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
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def extract_message():
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pass
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def change_log_level():
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pass
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def reformat():
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pass
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@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
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import unittest
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from strings import extract_message, change_log_level, reformat
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class TestLogLines(unittest.TestCase):
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def test_message(self):
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self.assertEqual(
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extract_message("[INFO] Hello there."),
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"Hello there.",
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msg="Should correctly extract a basic message.",
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)
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def test_message_with_punctuation(self):
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self.assertEqual(
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extract_message("[WARN] File not found: exercism_practice.py"),
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"File not found: exercism_practice.py",
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msg="Should preserve punctuation and whitespace from original message.",
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)
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def test_level_word_remains_in_message(self):
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self.assertEqual(
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extract_message("[ERROR] Error while serializing data."),
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"Error while serializing data.",
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msg="Should preserve a loglevel word that is actually part of the message.",
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)
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def test_change_loglevel(self):
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self.assertEqual(
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change_log_level("[ERROR] No configs found, but not a big deal.", "INFO"),
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"[INFO] No configs found, but not a big deal.",
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msg="Should replace the loglevel.",
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)
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def test_change_loglevel_with_loglevel_in_message(self):
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self.assertEqual(
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change_log_level("[WARN] Warning: file does not exist.", "INFO"),
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"[INFO] Warning: file does not exist.",
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msg="Should not replace loglevel names that are part of the message.",
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)
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def test_reformat(self):
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self.assertEqual(
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reformat("[WARN] Warning: file not found."),
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"Warning: file not found. (warn)",
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msg="Should reformat with lowercase loglevel. ",
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)
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def test_capture_message_when_contains_loglevel_string(self):
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self.assertEqual(
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extract_message("[WARN] Warning: file not found. Will WARN once."),
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"Warning: file not found. Will WARN once.",
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msg="Should extract loglevel inside brackets, not from messsage, even if message contains something that looks like a loglevel.",
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)
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