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697 B
IO
You cannot use any libraries, so how to do IO? Some ways that this can be done:
- BIOS functions: http://wiki.osdev.org/BIOS. Not well standardized like it's successor UEFI. Called through interrupts.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VGA-compatible_text_mode
- VBE https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VESA_BIOS_Extensions
Showdown and restart can be managed with either:
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APM
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ACPI https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Configuration_and_Power_Interface
Newer and better.
Now managed by the same group that manages UEFI.
Spec:
- current: http://uefi.org/specifications
- old: http://www.uefi.org/acpi/specs
See also: http://wiki.osdev.org/Shutdown